„In Mathematik schnitten 6 ostasiatische Bildungssysteme (Hongkong [China], Japan, Korea, Macau [China], Singapur und Chinesisch Taipei) besser ab als alle anderen Länder und Volkswirtschaften.“
OECD (Hrsg.), PISA 2022 Ergebnisse, Band I. Lernstände und Bildungsgerechtigkeit (2023), S. 58.

„In East Asian school systems, such as Hong Kong (China), Japan, Macao (China) and Chinese Taipei, and also in Slovenia, more than two in three students attended a school where it would be likely or very likely that a student is transferred to another school for low academic achievement. […] On average across OECD countries, students with bad performance or behaviour were more likely to be transferred to another school if they attended a private school than if they attended a public school.“
OECD (Hrsg.), PISA 2022 Results, Vol.II. Learning During – and From – Disruption (2023), S. 231.

„More than half of the fourth grade students reached the Advanced International Benchmark in Singapore (54 %), and one-third or more did so in Hong Kong SAR (38 %), Korea (37 %), Chinese Taipei (37 %), and Japan (33 %). Northern Ireland had about one-fourth (26 %) of its students reaching the Advanced International Benchmark, and England and the Russian Federation had about one-fifth (21 % and 20 %, respectively).“
IEA (Hrsg.), TIMSS 2019. International Results in Mathematics and Science (2020), S. 37.
In Österreich waren es 9 %. (Quelle: ibidem, S. 38.)

PISA 2018: „Die größten Anteile an Schülerinnen und Schülern mit Leistungen auf Kompetenzstufe 5 oder darüber in Mathematik wurden in sechs asiatischen Ländern und Volkswirtschaften verzeichnet: Peking, Shanghai, Jiangsu und Zhejiang (China) (44 %), Singapur (37 %), Hongkong (China) (29 %), Macau (China) (28 %), Chinesisch Taipei (23 %) und Korea (21 %).“
OECD (Hrsg.), „PISA 2018 Ergebnisse. Was Schülerinnen und Schüler wissen und können“ (2019), S. 114
In Österreich waren es 13 %, im OECD-Durchschnitt 11 %. (Quelle: OECD (Hrsg.), „PISA 2018 Ergebnisse. Was Schülerinnen und Schüler wissen und können“ (2019), Abbildung I.6.1.)

PISA 2018: „Chronic truancy and, to a lesser extent, lateness have such adverse effects on learning that school systems around the globe are constantly devising strategies to tackle them. […] The countries and economies where fewer students had skipped a whole day of school were also the countries/economies with higher average reading performance, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang (China), Estonia, Finland, Hong Kong (China), Japan, Korea, Macao (China), Singapore, Sweden and Chinese Taipei.“
OECD (Hrsg.), „PISA 2018 Results. What School Life Means for Students’ Lives“ (2019), S. 76

„In some high-performing countries and economies, such as Finland, Hong Kong (China), Korea, Macao (China) and Chinese Taipei [Anm.: „Chinese Taipei“ = Taiwan], candidates must pass a competitive examination to be admitted into pre-service teacher education.“

OECD (Hrsg.), „Effective Teacher Policies“ (2018), S. 46

„In Finland, Hong-Kong (China), Macao (China) and Chinese Taipei, students who wish to enter teacher-training programmes must pass a competitive entry examination.“

OECD (Hrsg.), „What do we know about teachers’ selection and professional development in high-performing countries?“ (2017), S. 2

„In these Asian countries/economies, spending many hours on homework and in additional instruction seems to be central to the life of top-performing students.“

OECD (Hrsg.), „PISA 2015. Students’ Well-Being“ (2017), S. 76

„School emphasis on academic success had the most significant influence on the relationship between SES and achievement. In Australia, Canada (Quebec), Chinese Taipei, Finland, Lithuania, and Slovenia, more equity was observed in schools with greater emphasis on academic success.“

Dr. Trude Nielsen u. a., „Are school characteristics related to equity?“ (2016), S. 4

„In Japan, Lebanon, Peru, Qatar, Chinese Taipei and the United Arab Emirates, at least one in four students are enrolled in government-independent private schools.“

OECD (Hrsg.), „PISA 2015 Results (Volume II): Policies and Practices for Successful Schools (2016), S. 124

„The weak association between low performance and class size largely reflects the fact that in certain Asian countries and economies, notably Hong Kong-China, Japan, Korea, Macao-China, Shanghai-China, Singapore, Chinese Taipei and Viet Nam, large classes co-exist with small shares of low performers.“

OECD (Hrsg.), „Low-Performing Students“ (2016), S. 175

„Students in most of the highest-performing countries/economies in PISA, such as Hong Kong-China, Japan, Korea, Macao-China, Shanghai-China, Singapore and Chinese Taipei, reported higher levels of anxiety than would have been expected given their performance.“

OECD (Hrsg.), „PISA in Focus 48“ (Februar 2015), S. 1

„Only Singapore had more than half of its students reach the high benchmark in all three subjects, and only two more countries, Chinese Taipei and Finland, had at least half of their fourth grade students reach the high benchmark in each subject separately.“

IEA (Hrsg.), „TIMSS and PIRLS 2011: Relationships among reading, mathematics, and science achievement at the fourth grade“ (2013), S. 5

Von Österreichs 10-Jährigen erreichten nur 18 % in allen drei Bereichen den „high benchmark“ (= 550 Punkte); beim Lesen waren es 39 %, in der Mathematik 26 % und in den Naturwissenschaften 42 %.

„The East Asian countries, including Singapore, Korea, Hong Kong SAR, Chinese Taipei, and Japan excel in mathematics from assessment cycle to assessment cycle, and the Russian Federation and Finland are top performers in reading.“

IEA (Hrsg.), „TIMSS and PIRLS 2011: Relationships among reading, mathematics, and science achievement at the fourth grade“ (2013), S. 14

Taiwan: „The fourth grade students in Chinese Taipei […] showed a particular strength in mathematics, with about three-fourths (74 %) reaching the High Benchmark.“

IEA (Hrsg.), „TIMSS and PIRLS 2011: Relationships among reading, mathematics, and science achievement at the fourth grade“ (2013), S. 20

Von Österreichs 10-Jährigen erreichten in Mathematik nur 26 % den „High Benchmark“ (= 550 Punkte).

„An education panel survey in Taipei (Taiwan) found that approximately 73 % of grade 7 students were receiving about 6.5 hours per week of private tutoring.“

Dr. Thomas M. Anderson u.a., „Education Fever and the East Asian Fertility Puzzle“ (2012), S. 18

„The Ministry of Education reported that, from June 2007, 43 % of this industry is cram schools, and in the past ten years, the number of cram schools has increased fivefold.“

Dr. Jeng Liu, „Does cram schooling matter? Who goes to cram schools? Evidence from Taiwan“. In: „International Journal of Educational Development“, 32 (2012), S. 47

In Österreich sind es laut Arbeiterkammerstudie etwa 1 %.