„Even though countries aim to reduce socioeconomic disparities and disadvantaged children seem to profit more from ECEC participation, it is a well-established fact that socioeconomically disadvantaged children participate less often in universal ECEC than more privileged children in most countries.“
Univ.-Prof. Dr. Isa Steinmann u.a., Do increasing participation rates in early childhood education narrow the reading achievement gap between high- and low-SES primary school students. In: Large-scale Assessments in Education (2026), 14:1, S. 3.