The strong role of private expenditure in many ECEC systems …

„The strong role of private expenditure in many ECEC systems reflects the need for families to contribute to the cost of provision, which creates inequalities in participation in ECEC: children from disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds who would benefit the most from ECEC are less likely to be enrolled.“

OECD (Hrsg.), Building Quality Education and Care for Children under Three (2026), S. 37.