Autor: Gudrun Pennitz

„Research with behavioural and neurophysiological paradigms suggests that socioeconomic differences in early cognitive development emerge in the first year of

„Evidence from PISA suggests that the age at which children first enrol in ECEC influences their future performance in school

„In Sweden, children are guaranteed access to ECEC from age one, with municipalities required to provide a place within four

„In Denmark, all children are entitled to a childcare place from six months of age (26 weeks).“ OECD (Hrsg.), State

„In Finland, all children, including those from immigrant families, are entitled to full-time ECEC from nine months of age, regardless

„In Norway, children are entitled to a place in publicly subsidised kindergartens from the age of 1. The Kindergarten Agreement

„Private expenditure plays a stronger role in funding education and care for children under age 3 (26% of total expenditure)

„Early (i.e. below age 2) and more intensive (i.e. more hours per day) enrolment in ECEC can have positive effects

„In 2023, on average across countries, 3-5-year-old children from low-income families continued to participate less in regulated ECEC services (86%)

„Far too often, children miss out on quality Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC). Cultural barriers and a lack of